World's Fair 2025
Real AI Agents Need Planning, Not Just Prompting - Yuval Belfer
Overview
This talk argues that current large language models (LLMs), despite advancements, still struggle with complex instruction following. The core thesis is that AI agents require robust planning capabilities beyond simple prompting to effectively tackle intricate tasks, emphasizing the need for a lookahead strategy rather than step-by-step execution.
Who should watch
- AI engineers and builders working with LLMs.
- Product Managers evaluating agentic frameworks.
- Developers facing challenges with complex instruction following or task decomposition.
- Those interested in improving the reliability and quality of AI agent outputs.
Key takeaways
- Even advanced LLMs like GPT-4 can have difficulty consistently following complex instructions, a problem observed since early instructGPT models.
- Simply stuffing all context and constraints into a single prompt is insufficient for reliable task completion.
- AI agents need planning capabilities to break down complex goals into manageable steps, especially for tasks requiring parallelization and explainability.
- Frameworks like ReAct offer a step-by-step approach but lack a comprehensive lookahead for the entire plan.
- Dynamic planning allows for replanning mid-execution if the current strategy proves suboptimal.
- An execution engine is crucial for analyzing dependencies, enabling parallel execution, and managing trade-offs between speed and cost.
- Techniques like sampling multiple generations (best of n) and candidate pruning can improve planning efficiency and quality.
- AI21's Mastro system demonstrates how a planner and smart execution engine can significantly improve instruction following and requirement satisfaction compared to single LLM calls.
Notable quotes
*LLMs alone are no longer enough.*
*Real AI agents need planning, not just prompting.*
*Whatever works, just make it work. Call it an agent. Call it a workflow.*
Unofficial community note. Prefer the recording for nuance.